Calculadora
 

Super Calc "THE ultimate calculator"

Sociedade Newtoniana
Prof. Alexnaldo M Castro Neves

Super calc X v3.3c (beta)

                   

DegRad

help   about units

 

 

Try the examples, read the text below and then send your comments at supercalc@tsiros.net

What new?

  1. Some bugs fixed

  2. Better syntax check

  3. Added the root symbol  (control - Q for IE , "copy  & paste" for Netscape)  examples

  4. Lists.This is the first try. So, more help, fewer bugs and more features later.

  5. Integral approximation (Lists)

  6. Data manipulation    (Lists)

  7. there is another distribution with more style and different features here

Lists

The structure  [2,5,8] or [a,b,f(x)]  is a list and not a matrix or vector.He can appear everywhere a number can appear but is not number.Rather is a group of numbers. So

 [1,2,3,4]+5 ->  [6,7,8,9],  [2,3,4]+[7,6,5]=[9,9,9],   [2,3,4]^2 -> [4,9,16],  1+[2,3,4]!->[3,7,25]

[2,3,4]*[4,5,6]->[8,15,24],  5/[1,2,5] ->[5,2.5,1],  [2,3,4]^[4,2,1]->[16,9,1],    Σ[1,2,3,5] ->11 means sum of list elements, Πa means product of elements of list a (i.e Π[2,3,4,6] -> 144)

warning! lists must have the same number of elements, Other words [1,2]+[4,5,6] is an error (without error message by now).But [1,2]+[4,[5,6]] is OK because they have same number of elements.

Σ : control-T for IE, "copy and paste" for Netscape returns the sum of elements

Π : control-U for IE, "copy and paste for Netscape returns the product of elements

◄: control-\ for IE, usual for Netscape, [1,2]◄4 -> [1,2,4],  [1,2,[3,4]]◄[2,[4,5]]◄22 -> [1,2,[3,4],2,[4,5],22]

also the usual max(x) and min(x) (you don't need help for this)

function r2c(x): ie colums to rows  c2r([[1,2,3],[5,6,7]])-> [[1,5],[2,6],[3,7]]

~ : used to "split" a list (SuperCalc specific)

the Σ and Π are operations with the greatest priority. So Σ[2,5]!  means 7! and not 2!+5!

Σ is an operation  like + * /, which needs a list right of it (or a function who returns a list)

Σ[2,3]  is an error because expect an expression and not an operation. √(Σ[2,3]) is OK

 But having defined a function say  f(x)=[x,x/2] and a variable a=[3,4]  then Σf(a) is valid (f is not an operation). Valid is also the Πsin(a) (product of sinus of elements)

(hmmm, i think this must be explained in details)

About the ~: 

Syntax  [a,b]~c , divide the interval a to b in c sections like this [3,8]~5 -> [3.5,  4.5,  5.5,  6.5,   7.5] 

Use: approximation of integrals  or provide data for plot.

Integral of sin over [0,pi]:  Σsin([0,pi]~100)*(pi-0)/100 -> 2.0000..      (angles in rad)

or aproximate the surface below sin and cos but above the line f(x)=x*2/pi , interval [0,pi/2]

steps=1000

data=[0,pi/2]~steps
lesser=if(sin(data)<cos(data),sin(data),cos(data))

f(x)=x*2/pi

surface=if(lesser>f(data),lesser-f(data),data-data)   ( data - data return a list with 1000 zeros)   

Σsurface*(pi/2-0)/steps         (and don't forget angles in rad)

Data manipulation

Say you have a "multidimensional" list    data=[ [1,2,3], [4,2,1], [4,4,2], [6,2,6], [10,1,6] ]

then R(data,0)  -> [1,4,4,6,10]  ie the list of the first elements

       R(data,1)  -> [2,2,4,2,1]    the list of the second elenents and so on

Now watch this

f(x)=(R(x,0)+R(x,1))/R(x,2)

f(data) ->[1,  6,  4,   1.33333,   1.833333 ] 

or this way

f(x,y,z)=(x+y)/z

f(R(data,0),R(data,1),R(data,2))

One last.You can't mix list and units.(this time)

 

Some examples with root symbol

 2+√2  means 2 plus the square root of 2

4*3√27  means 4 times the third root of 27      think of it like   4*3√27

2^4√16  means 2^ (4√16) and  3√9^2   means (3√9)^2   (    √  has greater priority than ^)

3!√9!   means   3! root of  9!   (! has greater priority)

(a+b)√(y+z)*c   means (a+b root of y+z)  times c

√√4  is not allowed (exactly as ++ or ** is not allowed)  ( √(√4) is OK).  In supercalc √  is an operation  like ^ or *,  who expect an expression right of it.(if you omit the left operator he suppose it is 2),  The 3!! is correct because factorial does not need expression  right of it.

but √4√9√27  is OK (from left to right   2√9√27 then 3√27 then 3)

it's straight and easy

but if you want an analog clock with alarm....

 

the use of space

The space (white character) separate expressions from units and units from units.This is not always an idle character.

2+3  is OK. and  2   +   3 is OK and    √    |    -  4    ^   2   !   |        m   /s      mi     /     h  is OK  (converting meters per second to miles per hour)

but having defined a function    say f(x)

trying f(4) or f(   4   )   is OK 

but

f    ( 4)  is an error, because the calculator assume that f is a variable and (because there is no operation next) try to see the (4) as units.

f(4) is one valid expression, but f   (4) are two valid expressions.Same as 22 is a number but  2   2  are two numbers.

One more time

trying f(m)  or  f(   m   )  is OK. Calculate the value of function.

but f    (m)   means  f meters